In Mesoamerican mythology the game is an. Evidence is presented that the roots of this game lie in the. This bibliography was generated on Cite This For Me on Saturday, July 4, 2015. The aim of Ullamaliztli was to get a heavy rubber ball through a carved stone ring, located on each side of the walled L-shaped court, using: a. Literature. Answer: A. Nahuatl, the most important of the Uto-Aztecan languages, was the language of the Aztec and Toltec civilizations of Mexico. The definition of ullamaliztli in Dictionary is as: The ball game tlachtli. Experts believe that the game dates back to the Olmec civilization and became a key part of the Aztec Empire. Today, Ulama is on the verge of extinction. Share your thoughts, experiences, and stories behind the art. de indios, México, Ediciones México, Editorial Poma, EL ULLAMALIZTLl EN EL SIGLO XVI y I~ medicina de los gober: fJStcotrópicos de origen ve culturales, Xavier Lozoya, ed. The Aztecs understood that having fun and staying entertained was their greatest asset. The expression number, also known as the destiny number of the name Ullam is 5. f A LUISA IZQunmoo EL ULLAMALIZTLI EN EL SIGLO XVI 317 es luminosos contra los seres mientras que algunos de los guerreros que participan en la ceremo- ceremo expresa en el mito de Hu nia llevan yelmos de jaguar. Since it was a deeply religious society, even some of the games reflected religious significance. Term: Losers of ullamaliztli were sacrificed to the Aztec gods. Guest #11596943. Ullahpara Upazila (sirajganj district) area 414. The Numerology Number for the name Ullakko is 2. Today, Ulama is at the verge of extinction. Examples of in a sentence. One of the most popular games among Aztec children and even the elders was called Ullamaliztli, which was the Aztec version of the ball game. 4. You will meet many types of people and travel great distances. Over the Easter weekend, the Mexican city of Teotihuacan played host to the finals of Ullamaliztli, an ancient ball game dating back over 3,000 years. Ullamaliztli definition: The ball game tlachtli . more. 8K views 8 years ago. Torquemada, Monarqma. The correct pronunciation will be listed in your textbook. col. It also means a Aztecs Game By a 11 year old. Even after the Spanish conquest, Nahuatl remained an important. 2. The Aztec History publication argue that ullamaliztli is a revision of the original Mayan game and that is was a priority for the Aztecan empire. Hey! If you read this, I'm moving to a new account! Sorry for the inconvenient!. English (UK) Pronunciation: English (UK) Pronunciation: English (UK) Pronunciation: English (UK) Pronunciation: English (UK) Pronunciation: English (UK) PronunciationNumerology is a practice that assigns numerical values to letters in a name to determine the significance of the name. Uma versão moderna do jogo chamada ulama continua a ser jogada em alguns locais pelos habitantes ameríndios. The meaning of PRONUNCIATION is the act or manner of pronouncing something. April 2006. loading. Score 1 User: When they traded, the Aztec used _____ as their currency. Sales training: Mastering the art of converting prospects into customersHow to pronounce NAME. The Olmec civilization is believed to have been centred around the southern Gulf Coast of Mexico area (today the states of Veracruz and Tabasco) - further south east than the heart of the Aztec empire. The game, in which the ball is hit with the hip, is a survival of the pre-Columbian game Ullamaliztli, which was popular among the Maya and the Aztec. 3 weeks ago. Photograph courtesy Ambergris TodayUnderstanding phonetic spelling as a tool for pronunciation starts with learning what it is, exactly. Descended from the Aztec version of the Mesoamerican ballgame, [1] the game is one of the oldest continuously-played sports in the world, and is also notable for the fact that it is the oldest known game utilizing a rubber ball. nelea33 / Shutterstock. Tlāloc, god of rain, lightning, and thunder. Ullal Sample sentences with "Ullal" Declension Stem . The game was a blood sport: a brutal contest where two teams kept a ten-pound rubber ball in play with only their hips. How do you pronounce ullamaliztli? Phonetic spelling of ullamaliztli. It was a game of strategy and luck played by commoners and nobles alike. Evidence is presented that the roots of this game lie in the Precolumbian past. ) jugar ala pelota con las nalgas. True False, What is Ragnarok? An. Ullamaliztli, the pre-Colombian name of the sport according to the American Indian Magazine, was popular among Mesoamerican tribes. by Ullamaliztliford focus creaking rear suspension Blog; About; Tours; ContactBlog. In summary, the three German umlauts are pronounced as follows: Ä – make the sound “eh” or “ê” without gliding into the sound “ey”; Ö – make the sound “ê” and purse your lips into an O shape; Ü – make the sound “ee” and then purse your lips as if you are whistling;With Super, get unlimited access to this resource and over 100,000 other Super resources. Skip to search form Skip to main content Skip to account menu. The Aztec ball game had a distinctive court known as the tlachtli or tlachco. ˈbaɪəʊˌpɒlɪmə. )". It may have originated with the ancient Olmec civilization. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Ullamaliztli was the Aztec name for the Mesoamerican ballgame, whose roots extended back to at least the 2nd millennium BC and evidence of which has been found in nearly all Mesoamerican cultures in an area. Dictionary Collections. Ulama is a ball game played in a few communities in the Mexican state of Sinaloa. . Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2. Pronunciation Guide. Itzpapalotltotec, god of sacrifice. maˈlís. Ulama (game) - Wikipedia. C. Noun ullamaliztli (uncountable) The ball game tlachtli. " Its origins can be traced as far back as 1200 BC, and was a central part of village life up until approximately the 16th century (5). Browse the use examples 'ullamaliztli' in the great English corpus. Today, Ulama is on the verge of extinction. Pronunciation. ul-la-mal-iztli. It was most popular among both the Aztec and Mayan civilizations, and many courts and other archeological relics pertaining to the game have been discovered in. Start Free Trial. Krickeberg, op. The Aztec and Maya were Mesoamerican civilizations, living in Mexico and Central America, while the Incas lived in South America. El Ullamaliztli En El Siglo Xvi [j3nowyr6gy4d]. ullamaliztli pronunciation with translations, sentences, synonyms, meanings, antonyms, and more. This is my new account: ullah. How to say Ullamalizti in English? Pronunciation of Ullamalizti with 1 audio pronunciation, 2 meanings and more for Ullamalizti. Manzotti. Catalan Pronunciation. 3 lbidem, p. Check out the pronunciation, synonyms and grammar. l et. Noun ullamaliztli (uncountable) The ball game tlachtli. How to say Ullamliztli in English? Pronunciation of Ullamliztli with 1 audio pronunciation and more for Ullamliztli. The finals of a revived 3,000-year-old ball game have been played in the Mexican city of Teotihuacan. t͡ɬi] Noun ōllamaliztli (inanimate) (it is) a ritual ball. /wet/. Numerology is a practice that assigns numerical values to letters in a name to determine the significance of the name. Numerology is a practice that assigns numerical values to letters in a name to determine the significance of the name. Slightly larger than a domestic cat and about the size of a bobcat, it has distinctive dots and stripes on its fur like those of a jaguar. . — so this game is. Tlachtli, the ball court, or field, used for the ritual ball game (ollama) played throughout pre-Columbian Mesoamerica. - How To Pronounce. The Mesoamerican ball game has its origin in the cosmos and religious beliefs of the pre-Hispanic peoples. English (USA) Pronunciation. “Getting ready for a shoot of the rubber ball making, we are going to shoot the ulama players in #quelite Sinaloa #juegodepelota #ballgame”Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which civilization did NOT believe their ruler was a god or the descendant of one?, What was the purpose of the Olympic Games?, A Mesoamerican ball game, known as ullamaliztli was played by two teams, one representing Huitzilopochtli, god of the sun, and one representing. by Ullamaliztli [UA]: Ulla-ween Adoptable Babes! (OPEN) by Ullamaliztli. Available. L. This page was last edited on 6 June 2022, at 12:13. -Definition Translate. Purincesu Kenny! by Ullamaliztli. Region/Country. We believe there is nothing better than helping kids learn and grow with the sport of Ullamaliztli. Current distribution of Nahuatl in red. Ullamaliztli es la palabra prehispánica que se utilizaba para denominar al deporte más antiguo que se conoce de nuestra nación. It is only practiced in four small towns of the state of Sinaloa in Mexico. «Ulama, que es un juego de pelota con la cadera, es un ritual del movimiento cósmico en el que la pelota representa al Sol; la cancha, al. SuperKookaburaMaster348. It was reported by the conquistadors that Moctezuma Xocoyotzin often enjoyed watching his nobles play the game at court. Los niños aztecas jugaban con arcos y flechas, canicas y piedras. | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examplesRule #4: Pronounce double consonants as a single letter. En esta presentación hablaremos sobre el ullamaliztli un juego prehispánico, es importante conocer como surgió este juego que aun se practica hoy en día. Pronunciation of amorezcámosla with and more for amorezcámosla. Residents of the northern Mexico City borough of Azcapotzalco - one of the city's most impoverished areas - are now able to play the pre-Columbian ball game known as ullamaliztli, more than 500 years after its disappearance. In any case, the ball game transcended into a true spectator sport that attracted kings, nobles, and throngs of. Ullamaija Meaning. In the simplest model of the communication process in language—encoding, message, decoding—pronunciation is an activity,. - Ko-fi ️ Where creators get support from fans through donations, memberships, shop sales and more!Traducciones en contexto de "ullamaliztli" en inglés-español de Reverso Context: Aztec ullamaliztli players performing for Charles V in Spain, drawn by Christoph Weiditz in 1528. Why is ullamaliztli important? A ball game known as ullamaliztli was very important in Aztec society. Learn pronunciation. Ullamalizti Meaning. Ullaina name meaning is Researcher, Freedom Lover, Highly Sensitive and Ullaina is a Girl name. 76r. ollamaliztli: ollamaliztli (Classical Nahuatl) Alternative forms ullamaliztli (obsolete spelling) Origin & history From ōllama ("to play in a ritual ball game") + -liztli. Ulama was played by three (3) or more people. Meaning of ullamaliztli for the defined word. LEYENAAR R'ijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde P. Anagrams of. This video shows you how to pronounce Ullamaliztli. Pok-a-tok was a ball game played by the mayans since 3000BCE. The game, in which two teams of seven players use their hips to knock a rubber ball up and down a pitch, has deep cultural and religious significance for Mexicans, as. The expression number, also known as the destiny number of the name Ullamaliztli is 4. Ullapara Sample sentences with "Ullapara"Pronunciation of Azul-manto thornbill with and more for Azul-manto thornbill. Question. . The Numerology Number of the name Ullaim is 5. COLLAB: Oleen, don't be messy with Missy! by Ullamaliztli. ULAMA - Definition and synonyms of ulama in the English dictionary. Learn the definition of 'Ullapara'. Listen to the audio pronunciation in the Cambridge English Dictionary. The heart's desire number, or soul number, is yet another aspect of numerology. aztec ball game. The Mesoamerican ball game has its origin in the cosmos and religious beliefs of the pre-Hispanic peoples. Multiple Choice. Garza et al. Pronunciation [ edit] IPA ( key): [oː. For many pre-Columbian cultures, such as the Olmec, Maya, Zapotec, and Aztec, it was a ritual, political and social activity that involved the whole community. The words chocolate, cacao, and cocoa all come ultimately from Nahuatl. Submit your writingUllamaliztli is a ritual sport that determined the dangers faced by the sun on its daily journey across the heavens, thus predicting its fate. Manzotti in Spanish? Pronunciation of . 1, 2023. Ahora, a ese "deporte-juego-ritual" de nuestros antepasados, se le llama: Ulama. Only their hands or legs Classical Nahuatl is one of the Nahuan languages within the Uto-Aztecan family. The two calendars lined up every 52 years. The majority of speakers live in central Mexico, particularly in Puebla, Veracruz, Hildago, San Luis Potosi, Guerrero, Mexico (state), El Distrito Federal, Tlaxcala, Morelos and Oaxaca, and also in El Salvador. Inicia sesión para seguir a creadores, dar un me gusta a videos y ver comentarios. How to say Lhuillier in English? Pronunciation of Lhuillier with 7 audio pronunciations, 2 meanings, 3 translations, 15 sentences and more for Lhuillier. the Quick Menu to see the word’s definition. The Numerology Number of the name Ullam is 5. A sample ullamaliztli tlachtli (ball court) (On display at Mexico's National Anthropological Museum, 2009) The Aztec ball court. "Ullamaliztli, the famous Aztec ball game, was played on a tlachtli ball court (the game is sometimes referred to as Tlachtli). ollamaliztli: ollamaliztli (Classical Nahuatl) Alternative forms ullamaliztli (obsolete spelling) Origin & history From ōllama ("to play in a ritual ball game") + -liztli. The Aztec History publication argue that ullamaliztli is a revision of the original Mayan game and that is was a priority for the Aztecan empire. Origin. These are the sources and citations used to research The history of Ollamaliztli and evolution of ball sports. IPA: [oː. The Mayan ball game goes back 3,500 years, making it the first organized game in the history of sports. onollan. With a competitive league with 16 teams, the action never fails to stop. They would dance, play music, tell. Just click the word! 84,800. A. maˈlís. The Aztecs were a group of warriors who first settled in the valley of Mexico in the 14th century. Just like the fancy texts mentioned above, our Fancy Text Generator offers over 30+ fancy text styles for the name "Ullaim". Today there are 7 million speakers of indigenous languages in Mexico, located mostly in the central regions of the country; the Gulf and Pacific coasts; and in El Salvador and Nicaragua. Select one: True False False Term: Definition: From which culture does the myth that the first human. How to say ullamaliztli in English? Pronunciation of ullamaliztli with 6 audio pronunciations, 2 meanings, 2 sentences and more for ullamaliztli. Phonetic Spelling: [ Sh Ō l zz ] Sh. How to say ullamaliztli in English? Pronunciation of ullamaliztli with 6 audio pronunciations, 2 meanings, 2 sentences. Evidence is presented that the roots of this game lie in the. ULLAMALIZTLI TED J. The game was viewed as a battle of the sun against the moon and stars - representing the principle of. How to say word. Listen to the audio pronunciation in the Cambridge English Dictionary. The Aztec used two calendars: a 365-day calendar and a 260-day ritual cycle. Select one: True False True Definition:ollamaliztli ollamaliztli (Classical Nahuatl)Alternative forms. com. It makes communicating easier. Noun [ edit] ullamaliztli ( uncountable) The ball game tlachtli. See Spanish-English translations with audio pronunciations, examples, and word-by-word explanations. Submit your writingUllamaliztli es el juego de pelota sagrado para los aztecas y otras culturas mesoamericanas. Todo aquello que retara a la habilidad y resistencia era popular. Both Greek men and women competed in the Olympic games. Learn more. Primarily during the period 1969 to 1970 and in early 19741 was able to document, in Mexico, two forms of a game played with a solid rubber ball, called ulama. 8K views 8 years ago. The construction of regular past-tense verbs, at least, is pretty straightforward. com also allows you to avail audio name pronunciation, which is a free, fast, and, fun solution to learn how to say anyone’s names from real people instantly. Pronunciation Guide. Browse the use examples 'ullamaliztli' in the great English corpus. 3 weeks ago. Discover more about what it is and how to use it here. From the 4th century AD to the present, the journey and development of the language and its dialect varieties have gone through a large number of periods and. Do you know the meaning of ullamaliztli? The ball game tlachtli. You love change, new experiences, meeting new people, adventure and travel. See Spanish-English translations with audio pronunciations, examples, and word-by-word explanations. The ball court was one of the first things built when the Aztecs settled a new area, making it the most important of the ancient Aztec games. Total views 32. FIFA has declared Cuju to be the ancient origin of football. It would be very interesting - but cricket is a tedious game. The game was invented sometime in the Preclassical Period (2500-100 BCE), probably by the Olmec, and became a common Mesoamerican-wide feature of the urban landscape by the Classical Period (300-900 CE). Eventually, the game was even exported to other cultures in North America and the Caribbean. It is probable that the Classical Nahuatl documented by 16th- and 17th-century written sources represents. It became a very important part of the Aztec Empire, not just as entertainment, but for political and religious reasons as well. AI-generated answer. Listen to the pronunciation of Ullam (2012 film) and learn how to pronounce Ullam (2012 film) correctly. " True or False? star. The Numerology Number of the name Ullamaliztli is 4. "It is very important because [this] is a very troublesome area and we are giving [residents] a life alternative," Juan,. heart. . Click and hear the voice pronunciation multiple times and learn how to pronounce the name Ullamaliztli. Definition 3. The Olmec culture developed in the centuries before 1200BC (BCE), and declined around 400BC. 256 kbps. The ball field, called the tlachtli or teutlachtli, was similar to many sacred ball fields in Mesoamerica. Ulama definition: A (modern) ball game, descended from tlachtli . All Nahuan languages are indigenous to Mesoamerica. Literature. Whether you’re trying to perfect your English accent or just need help with the tricky parts of English pronunciation, our easy exercises and. As nouns the difference between ulama and ulema is that ulama is a (modern) ball game, descended from tlachtli or ulama can be. Catalan Pronunciation: Chinese (Mandarin) Pronunciation: Chinese (China) Pronunciation: Chinese (Hong Kong) Pronunciation: Chinese (Taiwan) Pronunciation: Danish Pronunciation: Danish Pronunciation: Danish Pronunciation: Danish Pronunciation: Dutch Pronunciation: Dutch Pronunciation: Dutch Pronunciation:. Para los. The game was played with two teams that tried to get a ball into a hoop that was high up in the air. Definition of ullamaliztli. 7. (accepter, recevoir) (idea, noticia) recibir ⇒ vtr. Nahuatl has been spoken in Central Mexico since at least the 7th century AD. Semantic Scholar's Logo. Cuju is an ancient form of football where cu means kick and ju means ball or together kickball. Listen to the pronunciation of Ullambana and learn how to pronounce Ullambana correctly. The game seems pretty simple, until you. . Historical distribution in green. a general definition of media is " methods for communicating information. Dictionary Collections. U:Ullamaliztli. Meanings for ullamaliztli. The aim of Ullamaliztli was to get a heavy rubber ball through a carved stone ring, located on each side of the walled L-shaped court, using: a. The game, in which the ball is hit with the hip, is a survival of the pre-Columbian game Ullamaliztli, which was popular among the Maya and the Aztec. [1] The king's power derived from religion and control. This video shows you how to pronounce Ullamaliztli. IPA: [oː. Pronunciation of Ullamaliztli u-lla-ma-liz-tli. Terms defined in the glossary are in bold type on their first appearance on any spread (two facing pages). Watch the News for Clear English Pronunciation. False. This stone carving from the South Ballcourt at the archaeological site of El Tajin, Veracruz, Mexico. Last updated November 14, 2023. wet. For the name Ullal, the heart's desire number is 4. In depth review of Ullamaliztli, looking back at its history and its newest release dateEntrevista 13Sagrado Juego de Pelota Ullamaliztli QueretaroInvitado:Querétaro: Juan Manuel Avendaño MartínezDelegado del Estado de QueretaroOrganiza:San & Sa. Meanings for ullamaliztli. Start Free Trial. 224. pronouncekiwi. Posts: 364. The history of Ollamaliztli and evolution of ball sports - Other bibliographies - in Harvard style. How do you say ullamaliztli, learn the pronunciation of ullamaliztli in PronounceHippo. The Popul Vuh is the story of Maya creation and includes the great myth of the Hero Twins, Hunahpu and Xbalanque. See answers. Which definition most closely matches the way the word blank is used in paragraph 14? Definition 1. 🚀 Remove ads. How was it played? What are two ways that a player co…How to pronounce word. Voice Pronunciations for Ullamaliztli. Which of these ancient sources contain the Babylonian creation myth? Enuma Elish. Though the exact rules of the game aren’t known, it is generally believed that the game was. The elements of the game. . UknwWhu. From Arabic `ulamā scholars, from `alama to know. The Aztec Empire. 97–115. Grammatically, this word "ullamaliztli" is a noun, more. ” In El Quelite, I meet with another Ulama ballplayer, Juan Carlos Osuna, to have him explain how the game. The ancient game was known as Ullamaliztli by the Aztecs and called Ulama in colloquial Spanish after the conquistadors emerged victorious over the Aztecs. así que vamos a ello. Start Free Trial. Terms defined in the glossary are in bold type on their first appearance on any spread (two facing pages). lːa. Players of the sport had to be very skilled as one important rule was that the ball should not touch the ground. English English English Ullal ullamaliztli ullambana Ullambana Sutra Ullans Ullapara; Ullapool Ullared Ullash Ullaskar Dutta Ullastres Ullastret Ullasund Bridge Ullatan Ullatan Spoken Ullapara in English dictionary . Upon their arrival in central Mexico, they were so enamored with the Aztec ballgame that they sent a team of indigenous players to Spain to play before the court of Charles V. 21. ] became disillusioned with much of the Islamic clerical establishment, and first expressed his contempt for what he called ‘religious secularists’, those foolish ulama who. Pronunciation…. Share your thoughts, experiences, and stories behind the art. 2000, Zadie Smith, White Teeth, London: Penguin Books, published 2001, →ISBN, page 469: There he [. 10. English (India) Pronunciation. The ball court, at the base of the temple, represented the underworld, constructed with a sunken shape that eluded the Xibalba. Iniciar sesión. 3K visualizaciones. 800–c. Upload Audio File. The most common interpretation saw the ball and its movement in the court paralleling the movement of the heavenly bodies in the sky. The game of pok-a-tok was played by the incas, Mayas, & Aztecz. Glossary: There is a glossary on pages 60-61. A large environment containing a complete Ullamaliztli court and a building with full interior. We know far less about the Olmecs than we do about. . Updated on September 03, 2018. el acto de jugar ala pelota destamanera. Today there are 7 million speakers of indigenous languages in Mexico, located mostly in the central regions of the country; the Gulf and Pacific coasts; and in El Salvador and Nicaragua. Jogo de bola mesoamericano. 7/5. Nov. ENGLISH. Share your thoughts, experiences, and stories behind the art. ”. quetzalcoatl C. How to always look your best when presenting; Oct. words in 5 languages. 5 million people in Mexico. Find out more details in this free lesson. (Photo credit: Wikipedia) The Aztec ball game, known as ullamaliztli, was a top priority to ancient Mesoamericans. Glosbe. "The word obon is a shortened form of Ullambana (Japanese: or , urabon'e), a Sanskrit meaning ""hanging upside down"", which implies great suffering. In their first game, the Lords tried to use a skull as a ball, to which the Hero Twins refused. «Ulama, que es un juego de pelota con la cadera, es un ritual del movimiento cósmico en el que la pelota representa al Sol; la cancha, al. Wiktionary. by Ullamaliztli [UA]:. . Nahuatl language, American Indian language of the Uto-Aztecan family, spoken in central and western Mexico. true or false a fallen tree in the middle of a bicycle path and a high level of dietary fat are both examples of abstinence. How to say ullamaliztli in Italian? Pronunciation of ullamaliztli with and more for ullamaliztli. English (UK) Pronunciation: English (UK) Pronunciation: English (UK) Pronunciation: English (UK) Pronunciation: English (UK) Pronunciation: English (UK) PronunciationUllama Meaning. Mesoamerican ballgame - Wikipedia. See also ullamaliztli. It is probable that the Classical Nahuatl documented by 16th- and 17th-century written sources represents. Rule #5: Pronounce double consonant TT as D. Organisers have been trying to bring back the game, known as Ullamaliztli in Mexico, because. Listen to the pronunciation of Ullambana Sutra and learn how to pronounce Ullambana Sutra correctly. Ullamalizti name meaning is Influencer, Freedom Lover, Charisma and Ullamalizti is a Boy / Girl name. Of them, about one-fourth are Nahuatl speakers, with dozens of Nahautl dialects that differ greatly in terms of pronunciation and vocabulary (as well as. How do you pronounce ullamaliztli? Phonetic spelling of ullamaliztli. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Amon-Ra was the god of the underworld in Egyptian mythology. The loincloth, also worn by common people, was made from a long strip of cloth tied in front. “Leave it for me!”. The losers of this game were sometimes sacrificed to the Aztec gods, as part of a larger culture of human sacrifice prevalent in Aztec society. J. How it is mistakenly pronounced: “Pro-nun-say-shun” How it is actually pronounced: “Pro-nun-see-ay-shun” Well this is kind of a pun, huh? Pronunciation is mispronounced a lot, but it is quite the complex word to say (and to spell!) due to all those syllables. Search 214,331,231 papers from all fields of science. A large body of literature in Nahuatl, produced by the Aztecs, Pronunciation of ullamaliztli in English, a free online English pronunciation dictionary. Please save your changes before editing any questions. ul-la-mal-iztli.